1
Easy2Siksha
GNDU  -2021
/  
 
 : 3  : 75
SECTION-A (25 )
:           5    
1.          
2.           '   ?
3.       ?
4.          
5.   '   
6.           ?
7.       '   
2
Easy2Siksha
SECTION-B (50 )
:           10    
8.       -     
9.   '        
10.          
11.           
12.  -  ,       
13.  
   '   
14.           
15.           -  
 
3
Easy2Siksha
GNDU  -2021
/  
 
 : 3  : 75
SECTION-A (25 )
:           5    
1.          
         
-          
   ,
,        ,   
     ,
   ,       ,    
                
        ,       
,       ,       
             

 
   ?
-     
    -    ,  
,              
  ,               
       
 ?
                :
1.   :   ,   ,   , 
,            
                ,
4
Easy2Siksha
-            
       ,         

 
2. :           ,   
   ,            
            ,   
           
       
3.   :             '  
             
 ,             
             
            ,   -
           
4.    :      ,    
     
       
 ,            
              
          ,   ,
   ,          
 
       
5.  :           
              
,           (,   ) 
              ,
   ,         
      ,    
 ,           
      
      ?
         ,    
        ,      
        
 
1. : ,        
    
        ,
              
     
2.    : , ,     
             
 ,       ,       
5
Easy2Siksha
        ,     
             
  ,             
3.  :         

         ,    
 ,        .     
 ,   "  " (  )    
 ,           
4. -  (...):         '
    '           
    ,          
     ,      

5.  :        
           
  ,   ,     ' 
             
  '     ,          
   
6.    :         
            

       ,       
              
       
    
               
         :
1.   ():   1970        
      ,            
             
            '   
2.  :     22    '    
1970                 
        ',      
         ,     
      
3.  :         '   
 '     ,  ,   
        -   
6
Easy2Siksha
           

          
        
 ,   
             ,  
     ,   '    '    
         :
1.  :         
     ,   - , 
,         ,   
    ,   '    
 
2.  :           ,    
             
         ,    
   
3.   :        
  ,        ,   -
,  ,         

 ,               
          ,   
 ,   , ,         
          ,  
  ,      , 
   
      ,         
           
2.           '   ?
 '         
               (,   
   )    (       ),    ,
7
Easy2Siksha
      ,      ,   
          
  , 
           
   '   ,          
   , 
 -- 
1.       ?
 , ,           
         
     
   
                
        ,        
          
   
     ,     (   ,  ) 
    
      ,    
      
2.     
  ?
            :
 :            ,  
      
:          ,      
  ,        ,   
 :  ,          
     ,           
 
: -   ,         
     ,         
  
    :           

 ,  ,            '
 
 
3.       
           :
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Easy2Siksha
()      
           ,        ,
      
   ,   ,   
            ,     
             
()   
-        '        
  ,         , ,   ' 
 
 
               
              
(c)  
        ,         
             , , 
 -      ,         
        
 
()    
                 
       (     ) 
                 
 '   
(e)   
          ,        
                ,   '
            '   
4.        
           :
(a)    
                  
      ,       ,    
          ,     ,    
             
9
Easy2Siksha
()  
          ,        
              
    
              ,    
  ,       ,        
 ,       
(c)Aquifers  
               
-  -             
      ,    
 ,     ' 
          
()    
  ,             
                  

                  
 ,             
(e)      
   ,           
         
      ' 
 ,              ,   
    ,        
5.      ' 
                
  ,          ,     
        ,   '      '  
          ,       
     
6.       
               
      -    ,         
     ,            '
              
 , 
          
10
Easy2Siksha
7.       
    ,          :
(a)    
,             
              , 
     ,           
   
()   
       '    
    
               - 
,         
(c)    
          ,   
               
  
       
() 
              
        ,        
       
(e)   
            ,     
    
 ,    
      -
      
(f)      
    ,          
   ,              
      
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8. 
                
      ,    
 ,   
,                
  , 
           
     ,    ,     
       
3.       ?
     
  ,    
     '     
   '          , ,   
                 
  
               
   
   ?
                
                   
        ,          
  ()           (    )  
  
   
1.  ():
o :       
 ,   '
  
o : , ,    
o    :            
          ,     
   
2.  ():           
 
               
:
o  :  (  )     
 
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:, , 
o  :        

:,     
o    :         
:,   
3. :
o :        ,   
  
 ,       
o :, ,  
     :
 () →  ( ) → ( ) →  (
)
,                 ,
   ,      
   ?
      ,   
      ,   
              ,  
                  
 .
                  
  -        
    
         
     
  
   
:
:         
   
       -      '  
 
:             
        ,        

:  
         
 ,        
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   :
  ,        :
  
   
  
    (  )
  ,     (-)   ,  
            
        
      .     ,      
  -     ,      
 . 
 '       ( 10%)        
   ,    '   
 :
     ,  -       :
1.   : ()
2.   :  (-)
3.   :  (    )
4.   :    (  ).
 :
    '    '     
 
      ,  
 , 
      
     
    ,    ,      
   
      
       
 :
1.      : 
       
-           
    
2.   :         , 
  
             
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3.   :           , 
               

4.     :      ,   
    ,         

 ,          ,  - (  )
      ,             
             '   
     '   
       , ,       
    '   
       
     :
1.  :    ,          
     ,        
2. :,   -       
     ,       
3. :            
         ,       '
  ,    
4.    -:      

 ,               
   

                 
          ,   ,     
             
   
              
     ,              
            
 
15
Easy2Siksha
4.          
       
   -
        
 ,   ,  
    " "  1988    
                
                 
  ,      ,       

         ,      
:
1.      - 1,500       
(      )
2.       - 70%     
         ,         
              
           ,  
     ,   , ,   
          ,    
      
            :
1.  
  
              , , ,
,             160,000 
             "   " 
 
  
       ,          
    7,000   ,   500 ,     140 
  ,    , -  ,   - 
              ,   
         

16
Easy2Siksha

      ,     ,     
             
 ,   ,         

 ,                
,               
2.  
  
  , , -           
 ,       , ,      
              
 ,            '   
 
  
  10,000     , 300   , 1,000 
 ,     ,   -        
     ,  ,  ,     
            ,   
     ,        

    , ,         
     ,           
               
 ,               
    ,           
 
3. - 
  
-  - , , , , ,   
       ,       ,  ,
, ,              
- ,      
17
Easy2Siksha
  
-  13,500        ,      
 1,300     , 430  ,       
             ,  ( ),
 ,                
     -    

     , -        
   , ,             
         -         
 ,   '            
              
  ,             
4.  (   )
  
           - , 
                 
  500       ,      -   
   
 ,            
  
               ,
      
      2,200  
,   270 ,   , 
      
  -               ,
  ,      (     )    
         ,     -
  

      ,         
      -          
   ,            
               
  ,              
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       
            ,   '  
     
        
     , 
 -     
 
 ,   ,  ,     
   ,         , ,   
       
   
    ,         
  ,    ,  ,      
          ,      
  ,   
           
      ,     ,  , 
    
       
1.  :        ,  
  -     
2.  :       
 , 
          
     
3. :         
     (1972)     (1980)    

4.  : , ,  -   
        
 
5.  :     
     
     

       '        ,  
                 
   ,             - 
  '           
       ,      
       
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5.   '   
  :   
               
              
 
    ,         
        
      -
          
   
     ,        ,   '
                 :
1.   :        
              ,
         ,   -
           ,      
   
2.    : 20
         
          ,  
               
 ,             
3.   ' :       
  '         
         1986    , 
   ,           
2011       ,          
    
4.  -   :        
  -        
 -       
  ,  
     , ,          
     .
5.       :   
 -        ,     
( )  -          
  ,         
6.      :      
            
20
Easy2Siksha
        ,    ,   
 ,         
   '    
      '     
     
                '
  
1. :               
        ,      
       (     )  
           
2.      :        
     ,          
                
     
3.  :             
        , ,   ,  
     
4.  :          - ,  
,               
    ,      
    
5.  :          
             
             
     
    
    '    ,        
           
1.   :    '    ,    
               '
             ,
        
2.    :   ,  -  , 
                  
      -        
        ,     
  
 
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Easy2Siksha
3.  :         
              

     ,         
4.   ' :          
             
   ,   ,  ,      
        ,      
     
5.    :     ,     -
  ,           
        
 ,      
   
6.     :         
             
    ,           
   
     
      ,        
        :
1.  -   :    
     -           
      ,       - 
  
2.   '      :    
             -
,    ,       
     
3.    :       
,   ,       ' 
           
      
4.     :    -    
                 
                
  
5.       : ,   -  
       '      
            
-  
 
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6.  : 
        , 
      ,     
            
7.    :         
            
              
            

                
              , 
 ,    -           
    ,   ,  ,    
       
      ,  -    
           , 

                  
   
6.           ?
 -
           , ,    
         ,        
                 ,
      ,        ,  
   ,          
      
  ?
        
 :
1.  
:    ,           
 
      ,     
 
2. :             , 
      
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3.   :           
    ,          
4.   :     ,      
  
5.   :           , 
     
   
    :          
 ,           
 :        , -   
    
 :        ,  
      ,         
        
       ,        
 ( )  - (  )     
 
1.    
o   :     '      
      
o     :       , 
   
 
2. 
o   :        
o     :          
,      
 
3.  
o   :  '         
o     :          , 
      
4.  
o   :
:  ' -  
 :   '       
 :        
o     :      
  
   
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- 
1.    
o   :          ,   
 
o     : -       , 
       
2.    
o   :     
o     :    ,  
  
   
3.   
o   :           , 
        
o     :      , 
         
4.    
o   :           
 
o     :         
        
   
               :
1.     
o :           
o :
     
     
    
2.     (NDMA)  -
o :        
o :
     
     
3.   
o    .. : -      
    
o     :     

o
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Easy2Siksha
 
1. ,  
o :          
o   :
 
     .
  .
2. , 
o :  
 -    
o   :
    
   
    
     
    :         
  :        , -  
       
 :        
    :       
   

       ,       
,      ,      ,
        ,    , 
,        ,      
,        ,  
        
        
           
7.       '   
      :     
      , 1972    ,      
                 
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,                   
 
    -         ,  
   
      
   ?
1972  ,       '      
 
 ,         ,      
                
,          '    (  -  )
    ( )   ,     '  
  
     ,          
              
        , 1972   
   , 1972    
           -   
         
1.    
                   :
 :       ,        
, ,         

  :        , 
             
    :        
           
      
  
 
                
       
2.  
      '    
       
               
 
   ,             
       '           

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3.  -
    - -       
    '      :
  I  II:         
         
  III  IV:      ,    I  II 
   
  V:          ,   


  VI:                

 -             
           
4.   
          
;      (
    )             , 
 ,                 
          ,      
       
5.     
    -  ,     ,   ,   
,   ,          ,    
,         -  
    
  '      
6. 
             ,    
            '   ,   
      (    )    
              ,     
   
7.    
         ,      :
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      :     , 
               
        
    (NTCA):        '
   ,             

8.   
                
         '     :
   I  II      '          
 
               
  
         ,      
             
       
1972       ,        
                  
   :
1982  :          
1991  :         -  
 ,        
2006  :             
  (NTCA)   
                
    
     
             
       -    ,      
    ,      ,       
-          
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      
      ,     
               ,
             
  
    
           
   ,
   ,       
   :
          -   
    
             ,  
              
     ,          
      
   
                  
   , -      ,    
                   
    
 
     
         ,      
 :
     :        -  
       ,          
   ,  -        
  : ,         
              ,  
  '    
 -   : -     ,    
        ,        
      '        
              
,                
  -              
30
Easy2Siksha

                 
         ,  '   , 
 ,        ,     
           ,   
      ,    ,   -  
    '        , 
         
  ,       ,     
              
SECTION-B (50 )
:           10    
8.       -     
       -  
            ,   
   ,           
    
           ,
    
       

  ,  ,  
        ,    
            
   -  ,    ,  ,  , ,
 ,               -
  ,             
                

 
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1.   
              (,
,  )                
             ,   
                

 :
a    
, ,              
      '     '    
        ,        
             ,    

         
. 
        , ,      -  
          ,   
         ,     
          
c.   
       
 ,   ,  
   -          
            
              '  

d.    (EIA)
 ,          ,    '
            
             
  (EIA)    EIA         
    
.     
              
       '   ,    
 ,  ,         
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, 
             
 
f.  
      ,          
          ,   ,
,   ' -   -    
      
g.  
                
          , , 
 ,         '    
 
      
  
     
   

h.     
   ,     
    
           
    ,       ,  (   
) ,             
            
i.   
            
            
                 
       
2.    -  
           
    - 
               
-               
 :
a 
-           
   
,        -      
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     -       -    
  
 , 
          
.
  , - ,      
            
               
,             
     
 
c. 
    , ,      
                   
,            , 
    ,   
 '      ,
     
 
d. 
               ,
, ,          
         ,      
       
 ,      

. 
                
          
                
             
f.  
               
           ,  
     , -      
               
  

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g 
        
    ,  
         
  
   ,     '  ,   
           
h.  
               
    
           , 
   ,  
          
    
i.
           
         ,   , 
,         '   
   , 
         

 
3.
       -  ,       
                 , 
,   ,  , -      
-,  ,  ,      
-    '  ,        
       
   ,          , 
        
    '  
               
               
, 
           
35
Easy2Siksha
9.   '        
      
   -
 
          ,       
  ,             

   
    ,   ,      
-          ,  ,  ,  
         
  , 
       
 
   
1.  :             ( 
, ,  ), ,       ,  
  -      '    
2. :            , , , 
    ,  , ,          
      -        


3.  :          ,   
            (  
  )     (,    )    
 
4. :     ,         , ,
,              
    
  
       
    ,   , 
 
    
  -     
    ,   ,           
         ,     ,  
,  ,      
1.    :
o      ,      
    
  

o            
  
        ,         
             
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o     ,  690      ,
   ,        

2.  :
o 2050   9.7      ,    
       '     
 , 
 
           
o   ,     ,      
  ,        
3.      :
o           ,      
               
     ,     ,    
   
 
o               
         
 ,   
      '      
4.   :
o ,      , ,       
'        ,    
       ,      , 
     
o   ,   ,   ,      
          
o       
 ,   ,  
,             , -
        
o
5.   :
o         '      
     -     -  ' 
 - , ,    
o   ,        '  , 
           
   , 
     '        

6.   :
o    ,       
 ,   
     ,        
             
      
 
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o   , ,   -       
     ,     


7.  ' :
o   ',          ,   
          
     
'     ,    
             
          
    
        
       , 
        -      
1.  :
o           
          ,  , 
        
    
 
 
o             
       
2.     :
o            
               
      ,   ,  
          
o              
           
3.   -  :
o   -        
           
           
       
o        ,    
  -        
4.    :
o              '
             
              
      
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Easy2Siksha
o      ,   -   
   ,    '    

5.    :
o  -    ,        
-           

o          
            
        
6.       :
o       ,       
             
-     ,   ,   
           
7.  :
o            
            ,
           
o   ,    ,       
  ,  ,     
       
 

          ,      
    ,   -  ,      
,        ,         

        ,      
              

10.          
    
  , ,              
               
     ,         
  
          
    
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1.     
   -        :
:                 
 
   ,     -     
 
:     ,         
    ,             
 :          ,     
                
       ,      
 
:         ,          
       
      
   ,          
2.  
             
 , , -         
 ():      -      ,    
              
        
 
 ():           ,
, 
  ,   -  -   
              

 
              
   ,         
3.      
  ,            
 
     

:              
,           
   
:     - ( )   
 ,             (
  )      
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:   , ,        
,              
   
4.  
                
   ,          

 
 :            
               ,  
     ,       
 :        
   
,           
            ,  
           
  :        
      
   ,         
   ,       ,      
5.      
         
     
  
:               
      ,       
 
 
:     -          ,  
,      ,   ,  ,  
              -
    
6.    
-     ,      :
a.   
 
      ,          

       ,     
            
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         
 ,        

. 
-     ,        
   
         ,   ,   ,  
   
 
  ,             
c.  ()
     ,        
     
     ,   , ,  ,     
       
   ,       
d.  
          ()   
 
    
              
              
  
 
7.  
           
   
       ,        
             
 :             
          '    
:            
  
      ,          
8.     
         :
 :          
,        
 
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:          ,   , 
        -   '  
     :  ,    -  
   ,         
9.    
 ,            
 :
  : ,        
            ,   
        
:  ,           
     ,         
   
 : -    ,  ,   -
       ,         


    '          
     ,          
             
                
 '               ,
 '             
11.           
        
       
 ,   , , 
  ,            
     -    ,         
         ,    
-       , ,  ,     
            ,    
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                
:
1.  
              
         ,    :
 :              
  ,         
  
  :            '
           - 
   
 :          
              
       
:
          
             

-  ,            
 
2.    
                 :
    (1972):         
             
  
   (1980):     - ,    
       
   (1986):         
'  
:
         -      

            
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3. - 
-           
                 
           
:
    (JFM):        
       ,        
   
 :            
 ,   -  (..)     
:
         
               
  
 
4.   
                
          :
  :             
  , "  "       
 
 :            
   ,         ,  
 
:
          
   
        
5.   
             
      :
  :          
 
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  :           
         
:
      
 
 -      
6.   
             
          :
  :           
     
 :    -   '     -
     
:
           
         
7.  
              
    :
-  :  ,  ,     
 
  -:     -   
      
:
 '       
 
              
8.  
            
            :
 :   '  (CBD)     
      
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 :       
     
:
      
 
          
9.   
             
   :
  :    -      

-: -           
     
:
      
               

               , 
,               
         
    
,               
 ,           
               
                  ,
     ,     ,   
          
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12.  -  ,       
  - : ,    
-  -
 -        
    ,
   
  - , ,    
-   
   -           
   -   
-  
1.  :   -      ,     ,  
,            
  ,       
2.  :         
 -         , -,  
   
3.  : ,      -    
    ,  ,    -
4.      -:   ,     
 , , ,      - 

 
5.  :     -,   ,    
    
6.  :      , ,    
       ,       
7.   (-):      ,  
  -   '    ,      
-  
1.  :      - ,    
       ,       
   ,         
2.   :            
  ,         
  
3.  : -,   '  -,     ,
         
 
4.  :              ,
          
48
Easy2Siksha
5.   :   -       
         ,       
 
6.  : -       
    ,    ,      
,     '     
-   
1. ,      :
o :        -   
  -    
o   :          ,  
       
o  : - , ,     
            
    
2. :  -       -   
              
              
3. -- :   -   

          
     
       
4.  -  :       ' -   
           
  
      
 
5.    :  -      
 -         
  
6.   :  -       
         -   
  ,   ,  - 
     
7.   :  ,        
    -         
   
8.  :       
- ,  ,      
 
9.  :         
- ,   -   ,  -  
  
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Easy2Siksha
10.  : -        
 ,        
        

 -             
-    ,    ,    
 , 
          
,  ,      -   
       
 
13.  
   '   
     :   
 
   ?
                    
   ( ,   )      (SO₂)  
 (NOₓ)             
,       
     
          ,    
   
 ,    
     
    
1.   :,       
     
2.  :      ,    
        
 
3.  : 
     ,     

   

 
 
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Easy2Siksha
   
1.  ': 
           
            pH   
    
 ,         
2.  ': 
       ,   '  
        
    
     ,     
3.    ':  
        
,
     
         
     
     
1.  :            
            
        ,   ,    
2.   :         
 '      
3.  :         
           
     
 
   ?
                

         '    ,   
 (CO₂),  (CH₄),    (N₂O)       
           ,    
        
     
1.    :       ,  
,         
2.  :       ,     
              
 
3.  :     ,     

 ,        
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Easy2Siksha
   
1.  :        
  ,   ,       -   
  
2.     :         
  ,               
             
3.  :         
              
 ,               
  
4.    :  CO₂          
CO₂    ,            
  ,   '       ,   
 
5.  ' :          
             ,
              
     
1.     :     
     ,   ,   -,
         
2.  :,           

            
3.  -  :         
 ,   CO₂       
4.  : ,       
             
5.  :     
 
              
    

 
              
              
  ,   ,            ,
     ,         
 ,  ,           
52
Easy2Siksha
       , -    
              

        , 
    
               
14.           
        
           ,   
     
  ,      
               
     
 
        ,      
         
     
     -  ,    :
1.  : ,           
2.    : , -      , 
    -   
3.  :    -      
4.  :               
   
5.  :            

  
1.   
   ,   ,  
        
             :
    :    , ,    
        '    
  
 
 
:            
 
  :   ,         
   
        
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 :     '        -
              ' 
   : ,      , 
    
  
2.    
   -         ,   , 
 -               :
   : , ,        
,      -   
   : ,     -   
                
  :                 
         
   :   ,    ,     
                 
   '  
      : ,      
        
3.    
  ,  -,          
           :
    :          
  
   :      -  
             
:  -           
      -   
   
 
 
    :           
                
4.    
           
    
   :
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   : , ,           
            , 
   
     :         
           - - 
    
     :  
-      ,  
  , - ,       

   
5.     
               
     :
      :  '      
             
       
-     : LED    -     
       
    :      
        ,      
           
    
        ,        
    :
     :      
,           
    
    :        
           
    :       
              
 
    :      , 
 ,     -    '  

     ,          
       ,     
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      - ,    ,  
       ,          
, 
       - ,     
15.           -  
 
          
   ?
            
  
              ',    
                ,  ,
,    -      
      ?
1.  :       1,000         
    
 
2.  :       1,000          
      
    
 
3. :               
4. :                
5.  :                 , 
  
6.  :             
            
 
      
1.  :   ,        
           ,   , 
  
2.  :      
      

,      
 
3. : ,     ,        

           
4.  :          
     '        , 
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      ,    ,     

5.  :           
      ,      
            
  ,   
 
      
              
               :
1.  :
o  :           
        ,     
         , ,  
 ..          
o   :        
             
          
 
2.     :
o   :           
    ,          
     ,   ,      
 
o   :         
       ,       
          
3. :
o   :        
          -  
             
   
o   :       
,  -,         , 
       
4.  :
o   :        
    ,         
    ,         
   
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Easy2Siksha
o   :      
       
     
      
5.  :
o -     :     
  
            
  ,           ,  
    
o    :     ,   '  ,  
         ,      
 
6.    :
o  :         
             
            
        
o  :        '   
 -         
    
7. :
o    :         
            ,
 ,         ,   
      
8.    :
o  :        
             
            
   
o  :          
           
        

                
    ,      -  
, 
              
     
          
    ,       
 
:      Ai       ( )       
        , 
  '         